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The opponents

Abū Jahl (ʿAmr ibn Hishām)

أبو جهل عمرو بن هشام

The most violent of the Prophet's ﷺ opponents in Makkah, called by the Muslims 'the father of ignorance'.

Where they appear

  1. Going public — and the persecution

    Killed Sumayyah رضي الله عنها; threw filth on the Prophet ﷺ as he prayed; tried to crush his head with a stone.

  2. The journey to Ṭāʾif and the Night Journey (al-Isrāʾ)

    Used the Night Journey to mock him publicly before Quraysh.

  3. The Hijrah — migration to Madinah

    Pushed Quraysh into fighting at Badr and died there.

How it ended

Killed at Badr in 2 AH by two young men of the Anṣār.

Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 1794; Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 3963; ar-Raḥīq al-Makhtūm, al-Mubārakpūrī