The Prophet's ﷺ family and household

To the Prophet ﷺ as Hārūn was to Mūsā عليهما السلام, except that there is no prophet after him

He stayed in the Prophet's ﷺ bed on the night of the Hijrah while Quraysh waited outside, then returned the trusts left with the Prophet ﷺ.

At Khaybar the Prophet ﷺ gave the banner to 'a man who loves Allah and His Messenger, and Allah and His Messenger love him' — ʿAlī رضي الله عنه.

Biographical account and appearances

The Prophet's ﷺ uncle who defended him openly

He accepted Islam in anger after Abū Jahl abused the Prophet ﷺ, and Quraysh knew the Prophet ﷺ was now protected.

He was killed at Uḥud by Waḥshī.

Biographical account and appearances

The Prophet ﷺ praised Khadījah رضي الله عنها as the best among women, alongside his praise of Maryam عليها السلام

When he ﷺ came home from Ḥirāʾ afraid, she told him Allah would never disgrace him, for he kept family ties, carried the weak, helped the poor, honoured guests and stood by people in hardship.

Jibrīl عليه السلام brought her greetings of peace from her Lord, and good news of a house in Paradise.

Biographical account and appearances

Above other women as tharīd is above other food

She was slandered in the affair of the ifk and wept for days, until Allah revealed her innocence.

Her lost necklace led to the revelation of tayammum; Usayd ibn Ḥuḍayr رضي الله عنه said it was not the first blessing to come through the family of Abū Bakr رضي الله عنه.

24:11–20 — Her innocence after the slander.

Biographical account and appearances

The Prophet ﷺ described her as chief of the women of Paradise, or chief of the believing women; the report preserves both wordings

When Quraysh put the filth of a slaughtered camel on her father's ﷺ back as he prostrated, she came and removed it.

She sought help for the strain that grinding with a hand mill had caused her hands. ʿĀʾishah رضي الله عنها conveyed her request to the Prophet ﷺ.

'Fāṭimah رضي الله عنها is a part of me; whoever angers her angers me.'

The Prophet ﷺ visited her and ʿAlī رضي الله عنه at bedtime and taught them to say Subḥān Allah thirty-three times, Alḥamdulillāh thirty-three times, and Allahu Akbar thirty-four times, saying this was better for them than a servant.

Biographical account and appearances

Mother of the Believers whose counsel the Prophet ﷺ followed at al-Ḥudaybiyah

After Abū Salamah رضي الله عنه died, she said the prayer for calamity taught by the Prophet ﷺ. She reported that Allah subsequently gave her marriage to the Prophet ﷺ.

Ar-Raḥīq records that her family kept her from migrating and separated her from her husband and child before she reached Madinah.

When the companions did not rise to sacrifice after the treaty, she advised him ﷺ to go out, say nothing, sacrifice and shave; he did, and they all followed.

Biographical account and appearances

She gave her allotted day to ʿĀʾishah رضي الله عنها

As she became older, she gave her allotted day with the Prophet ﷺ to ʿĀʾishah رضي الله عنها.

Biographical account and appearances

Widowed, then married to the Prophet ﷺ

Her husband Khunays ibn Ḥudhāfah رضي الله عنه died in Madinah. Her father ʿUmar رضي الله عنه approached ʿUthmān رضي الله عنه and Abū Bakr رضي الله عنه about marriage.

The Prophet ﷺ asked for her hand, and ʿUmar رضي الله عنه married her to him.

Biographical account and appearances

She worked with her hands and gave in charity

She worked with her hands and gave what she earned in charity.

Anas رضي الله عنه reported that Al-Aḥzāb 33:37 was revealed concerning her and Zayd ibn Ḥārithah رضي الله عنه.

33:37 — Her marriage to the Prophet ﷺ after the marriage to Zayd ibn Ḥārithah رضي الله عنه ended.

Biographical account and appearances

The Prophet ﷺ taught her words of remembrance

ʿĀʾishah رضي الله عنها reported that Juwayriyah رضي الله عنها was among the captives and had entered an agreement to purchase her freedom. She came to the Prophet ﷺ seeking help with its payment.

She remained in her prayer place from the morning until the Prophet ﷺ returned later that morning.

The Prophet ﷺ offered to pay for her freedom and marry her, and she accepted. ʿĀʾishah رضي الله عنها reported that, after the marriage became known, people freed captives related to him ﷺ by marriage, amounting to one hundred families of Banū al-Muṣṭaliq.

He ﷺ taught her words of remembrance to repeat three times.

When she fasted on a Friday without fasting Thursday or intending to fast Saturday, he ﷺ told her to break that fast.

Biographical account and appearances

Freed and married by the Prophet ﷺ

She wept after hearing that Ḥafṣah رضي الله عنها had referred to her as the daughter of a Jew. The Prophet ﷺ came to her while she was crying.

The Prophet ﷺ freed her and married her; her freedom was her marriage payment.

The Prophet ﷺ comforted her by reminding her of her prophetic ancestry and her marriage to a prophet. He then told Ḥafṣah رضي الله عنها to fear Allah.

Their wedding meal included dates, butter and dried dairy.

Biographical account and appearances

She kept the prayers she learned from the Prophet ﷺ

After her father Abū Sufyān رضي الله عنه died, she used perfume and explained that she was following the Prophet's ﷺ limit on formal mourning for someone other than a husband.

She heard the Prophet ﷺ promise a house in Paradise to someone who prays twelve voluntary prayer units in a day and night.

She said she never abandoned those prayers after hearing this from him ﷺ.

Biographical account and appearances

She freed an enslaved woman

The report records that Maymūnah رضي الله عنها borrowed frequently and that members of her family criticised her for it. She responded by citing the Prophet's ﷺ teaching about borrowing with the intention to repay.

Kuraib, the freed servant of Ibn ʿAbbās رضي الله عنهما, narrated her account of freeing an enslaved woman without first asking the Prophet ﷺ. When she told him ﷺ, he said giving that woman to her maternal uncles would have brought greater reward.

Biographical account and appearances

The Prophet ﷺ wept at his death

The Prophet ﷺ visited him in his nursing household, held him, kissed him and smelled him.

As the child was dying, the Prophet ﷺ wept.

He ﷺ explained that the eyes shed tears and the heart grieves, but that they would say only what pleased their Lord.

Biographical account and appearances

A leader through whom Allah might reconcile two Muslim groups

The Prophet ﷺ called him a leader and said Allah might reconcile two large Muslim groups through him.

The Prophet ﷺ included him beneath his cloak with al-Ḥusayn رضي الله عنهما, Fāṭimah رضي الله عنها and ʿAlī رضي الله عنه, then recited Al-Aḥzāb 33:33.

33:33 — The Prophet ﷺ recited this passage after gathering these family members beneath his cloak.

Biographical account and appearances

One of his ﷺ two sweet basils in this world

The Prophet ﷺ described him and al-Ḥasan رضي الله عنهما as his two sweet basils in this world.

The Prophet ﷺ included him beneath his cloak with al-Ḥasan رضي الله عنهما, Fāṭimah رضي الله عنها and ʿAlī رضي الله عنه, then recited Al-Aḥzāb 33:33.

33:33 — The Prophet ﷺ recited this passage after gathering these family members beneath his cloak.

Biographical account and appearances

The Prophet’s ﷺ uncle asked to pray for rain

During drought, ʿUmar رضي الله عنه asked him to pray to Allah for rain.

ʿUmar رضي الله عنه identified him as the Prophet’s ﷺ uncle in his prayer; the narrator reports that rain followed.

Biographical account and appearances

The Prophet ﷺ upheld her protection

At the conquest of Makkah, she told the Prophet ﷺ that her brother intended to kill a man whom she had sheltered.

The Prophet ﷺ told her that they gave protection to the person she had protected. She also reported his eight prayer units that morning.

Biographical account and appearances

One of the people dearest to the Prophet ﷺ

Some people criticised his appointment as army commander; the Prophet ﷺ defended him and recalled similar criticism of his father.

The Prophet ﷺ named him among the people dearest to him after his father Zayd ibn Ḥārithah رضي الله عنه.

After he killed a man who had declared lā ilāha illā Allāh, the Prophet ﷺ repeatedly challenged him for killing the man after that declaration.

Biographical account and appearances

The Prophet ﷺ prayed for his understanding

After he placed water for the Prophet's ﷺ purification, the Prophet ﷺ prayed that Allah grant him understanding of religion.

The Prophet ﷺ embraced him and prayed that Allah teach him wisdom.

Biographical account and appearances

The Prophet ﷺ affirmed that he was worthy of command

He carried the army's banner at Muʾtah and was killed; the Prophet ﷺ announced his death with tears in his eyes.

When recalling criticism of his command, the Prophet ﷺ affirmed that he was worthy of leadership and one of the people dearest to him.

33:5 — The report connects his change of name to the command to call adopted sons by their fathers' names.

Biographical account and appearances

Appointed to take command after Zayd رضي الله عنه at Muʾtah

The Prophet ﷺ appointed him to take command at Muʾtah if Zayd ibn Ḥārithah رضي الله عنه was killed.

Ibn ʿUmar رضي الله عنهما reported finding him among the dead with more than ninety wounds from stabbing and projectiles.

Biographical account and appearances

Umm al-Masākīn — named for her care for poor people

Ar-Raḥīq al-Makhtūm records that she had been married to ʿAbdullāh ibn Jaḥsh رضي الله عنه, who was killed at Uḥud, before her marriage to the Prophet ﷺ.

Ar-Raḥīq al-Makhtūm describes her kindness and care towards poor people and records that she died after a short marriage to the Prophet ﷺ.

Biographical account and appearances

A daughter of the Prophet ﷺ married to ʿUthmān رضي الله عنه

Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī records that ʿUthmān رضي الله عنه stayed away from Badr because his wife, a daughter of the Prophet ﷺ, was ill. The report does not name her; her identification here follows the book's biographical account.

The Prophet ﷺ gave her husband the reward and share of someone who had taken part in Badr.

Biographical account and appearances

His ﷺ daughter whose burial he helped prepare

Ar-Raḥīq al-Makhtūm records that Abū Lahab forced his sons to divorce the Prophet's ﷺ daughters Ruqayyah رضي الله عنها and Umm Kulthūm رضي الله عنها as part of his opposition to him.

The Prophet ﷺ gave instructions to the women washing her body; when they finished, he gave his waist-wrapper to be used in her shroud.

Ar-Raḥīq al-Makhtūm records that ʿUthmān رضي الله عنه married her after the death of her sister Ruqayyah رضي الله عنها.

Biographical account and appearances

A son of the Prophet ﷺ and Khadījah رضي الله عنها

Ar-Raḥīq al-Makhtūm names him among their children and records that the Prophet's ﷺ sons died in childhood.

Biographical account and appearances

A son of the Prophet ﷺ and Khadījah رضي الله عنها

Ar-Raḥīq al-Makhtūm names him among their children and records that the Prophet's ﷺ sons died in childhood.

Biographical account and appearances

The mother of Ibrāhīm, his ﷺ son

Ar-Raḥīq al-Makhtūm records that her son Ibrāhīm died while still a small child in Madinah.

The book identifies her as an enslaved concubine, not a wife of the Prophet ﷺ.

The report of Ibrāhīm's death records his father's ﷺ affection, tears and grief. It does not record his mother's response.

Biographical account and appearances

His ﷺ daughter whose necklace was sent as ransom

She sent property to ransom her husband after Badr, including a necklace that her mother Khadījah رضي الله عنها had given her. The Prophet ﷺ was moved when he saw it and asked the companions if they wished to release her captive and return her property.

Umm ʿAṭiyyah رضي الله عنها reported that, when Zaynab رضي الله عنها died, the Prophet ﷺ instructed the women washing her body and gave them his garment to place next to her body.

Biographical account and appearances

Ar-Raḥīq names her among the children of Fāṭimah رضي الله عنها and ʿAlī رضي الله عنه, alongside al-Ḥasan رضي الله عنهما, al-Ḥusayn رضي الله عنهما and Umm Kulthūm bint ʿAlī رضي الله عنها.

Biographical account and appearances

Ar-Raḥīq names her among the children of Fāṭimah رضي الله عنها and ʿAlī رضي الله عنه. She is distinct from Umm Kulthūm رضي الله عنها, the Prophet's ﷺ daughter.

Biographical account and appearances

Ar-Raḥīq identifies her as the sister of Maymūnah bint al-Ḥārith رضي الله عنها.

Biographical account and appearances